High School

Climate Zones and Biomes

Think of the word “biome” as “bio-home”. A biome houses certain types of plants and animals.

Layers of the Atmosphere

To memorize the five atmospheres in order, try a mnemonic sentence. For example: Troubled Super Man Thanked Ellie.

Composition of the Atmosphere

If the gasses in the atmosphere had an alphabet it would be mostly Ns and Os since the atmosphere is primarily composed of nitrogen and oxygen.

Types of Marine Organisms

Covering 70% of the Earth’s surface, oceans are home to the largest and smallest organisms on Earth.

Deep Ocean Currents

Due to water’s high specific heat, water transports a large amount of energy. In fact, the Gulf Stream alone transports more than 100 times the world's energy demand.

Tides

Remember that the Moon takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to rotate once around the Earth, so the Moon is over the same location every 24 hours and 50 minutes. Since high tides occur twice a day, one arrives each 12 hours and 25 minutes.

Ocean Zones

Look to the roots of the words if you ever get confused about which zone is which! “Photic” comes from the same root as “photosynthesize.” “Intertidal” means that it is in between the high and low tides.

Seawater Chemistry

Both the salinity and the density of water are responsible for the currents in the deep ocean.

Cenozoic Plate Tectonics

Many other Concepts in Earth Science go into further detail explaining the geological changes. Refer to them if needed.

Precambrian Continents and Plate Tectonics

The forming of continents was similar to the forming of our planets: Many small pieces
(microcontinents) collided to create bigger pieces.

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