Earth Science

Metabolism and Replication

One comes before two. Since RNA is one stranded and DNA is two-stranded, we can say that RNA came before DNA.

Characteristics and Origins of Life

The central dogma of biology validates the importance of the Miller-Urey experiment: DNA transcribes into RNA, which translates into amino acids, which combine to form proteins, the building blocks of life.

Extinction and Radiation of Life

The growth of the human population is threatening other species. Some endangered animals include: African and Asian elephants, West Indian manatees, American alligators, Western gorillas, grizzly bears, Florida cougars, jaguars, tigers, black rhinos, humpback whales, sperm whales, green sea turtles, Atlantic salmon, and red wolves.

Population Size

The prefix a- means “not” or “opposite”, and the root “bio” means alive. Thus, biotic factors are living factors, and abiotic factors are not.

Growth of Human Populations

Advances in sanitation and technology were responsible for the rapid rate of growth in the human population.

Adaptation and Evolution of Populations

Imagine a population of mice living in a dark forest. Would the light ones or the dark ones be more likely to not be eaten by predators? Over time, which color of mice would you expect to see more often?

Modern Biodiversity

Think about the characteristics humans have developed. Why do they make our lives easier?

Freshwater Ecosystems

Studying diagrams for this topic will help you visualize the different types of freshwater ecosystems.

Nitrogen Cycle in Ecosystems

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and calcium are the most important materials for life. Although there is plenty of it, we cannot simply absorb nitrogen gas. Think about how organisms might get nitrogen.

Flow of Matter in Ecosystems

Look at the flowchart to get a better understanding of how matter flows in an ecosystem.

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